Water | The Conscious Farmer

HOW IS CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTING AGRICULTURE?

21 August 2015 / 0 comments

We often hear about how changing climate will affect future generations – our children and grandchildren. This is very true, but we should also realise that it is already affecting us – especially as farmers. Agricultural production is highly influenced by weather, so our businesses are likely to be one of the first affected by climate change (as it affects our weather). Information coming from Australia’s CSIRO (the federal government agency for scientific research) supports this. I learnt this and more when I spoke with Mark Howden of CSIRO recently.

What we often think of regarding climate change is an increase in temperature, and this is true with regard to overall climate and long term average temperatures, but climate change also has other effects on climate. Changes in climate have resulted in more erratic weather events that can affect our agricultural production and increase risk of crop loss. Such erratic weather events place crops at risk of damage; think frosts, drought, hail, intense storms, increased winds etc. Continue reading “HOW IS CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTING AGRICULTURE?” »

THE MICROBIAL RAINMAKERS

28 February 2015 / 0 comments

I am constantly amazed at the importance of microbiology and the places that it crops up as being useful and necessary in our environments, soils and also our own digestive system. I feel it has been somewhat overlooked and greatly underestimated in its importance, and to the detriment of our own health and the health of our land and its capital value. I’d like to share with you another way in which it impacts our environments – of which you may not be aware. It relates to rain, something we know is ever important to us as farmers.

It seems that rainfall production is a little more complicated than what I learnt in year 10 geography. What I didn’t learn at school is that each raindrop needs a nucleus around which to form. These nuclei come in the form of atmospheric dust, soot, or pollen, but can also be microbial in nature – bacterial, fungal or algal. In the atmosphere, water will either condense around these nuclei (to form clouds – cloud condensation nuclei), or freeze around them, to form rain (ice nucleators).¹ This is how many raindrops begin – as ice crystals, which melt as they fall to form rain or they remain frozen to fall as snow.^{2 Continue reading “THE MICROBIAL RAINMAKERS” »}

WATER SPREADING BANKS

29 January 2015 / 0 comments

If some of our most marginal grazing country can be regenerated from 5% groundcover to 80% groundcover, then surely there is the ability to regenerate virtually all our agricultural land. The marginal country I’m talking about is in western NSW, northwest of Cobar in Australia. I mention this marginal country because the McMurtrie family have used water spreading banks (combined with thoughtful grazing management) to help regenerate areas of their property and I thought this was a good flow on from last week’s topic.

I will first point out that water spreading banks are NOT keyline farming as I talked of last week – where water is spread from the valleys to the ridges. Water spreading banks however, have a similar purpose in that they aim to alter water movement and runoff, spreading and slowing water movement so that there is more opportunity to infiltrate rainfall into the soil.

VALUING EVERY DROP OF RAINFALL – with Keyline Design

19 January 2015 / 0 comments

What Mark Shepard has achieved at New Forest Farm is truly inspiring, admirable, provides hope and is enviable to anyone interested in nutrient dense, chemical free food production and consumption and most certainly to farmers – with its low inputs and high outputs. But it is also daunting, overwhelming and, honestly, in the past has actually made me switch off to a degree, because its production system is so far removed from our current beef cattle grazing operation or from the monoculture cropping enterprises of current agriculture. Do you ever feel a little like that?

It’s like I haven’t been able to bridge the gap on a ‘how to’ basis between what currently is and this pinnacle of agriculture of what could be. But let me describe it to you and see how we could apply some of the techniques to our farms.

New Forest Farm is a perennial permaculture farm in Wisconsin, USA that grows chestnuts, hazelnuts, pine nuts, apples, asparagus and other fruit, nuts and berries, as well as raising cattle, pigs and turkeys (see above image). It has been regenerated from what was a degraded, eroded, chemical intensive monoculture cropping farm. Rich, dark, humic soils have been built from degraded, hard setting, dead red-clay soils. All this regeneration and production has occurred without the use of pesticides or artificial fertilisers. The farm is “agriculture redesigned in nature’s image” as Mark described it to me. Continue reading “VALUING EVERY DROP OF RAINFALL – with Keyline Design” »